Office Space Design

题目与答案

1. Early 20th Century

   - workers employed to do 31_____ were arranged in rows

   答案：typing

   原文定位：You might think open plan designs are a recent phenomenon, but they actually came about in the early twentieth century when businesses needed large numbers of people to do typing;These employees, usually women, used to have to sit in rows, working away at their typewriters under the watchful eye of their supervisor

2. 1960s to present

   Variations in design of open-plan offices:

   - first, workers had individual 32_____

   答案：desks

   原文定位：The early designs featured separate desks

   同义替换：「first」↔「The early」，「individual」↔「separate」

3. - later, they had cubicles with high or low 33_____ .

   答案：screens

   原文定位：A subsequent design introduced the concept of the cubicle. These can have either high screens that workers can't see over or a screen just low enough to keep a lookout for the manager

   同义替换：「later」↔「subsequent」

4. - nowadays, workers may have to 34_____ a work area

   答案：share

   原文定位：And nowadays, with the increase in large call centers, a phenomenon known as hot desking is common. In this system, employees working on different shifts are asked to share the same workstation

   同义替换：「workers」↔「employees」，「work area」↔「workstation」

5. Survey results

   Attitudes of employees to open-plan designs:

   - there is a lack of 35_____

   答案：privacy

   原文定位：Firstly, they felt that the open plan took away their privacy, but many also felt the need to carry their valuables with them at all times

   同义替换：「Attitudes」↔「concerns」，「a lack of」↔「took away」

6. and 36_____

   答案：security

   原文定位：Firstly, they felt that the open plan took away their privacy, but many also felt the need to carry their valuables with them at all times. So to some extent, they also felt there was less security with these designs

7. - they pose a risk to our 37_____ (staff records support this)

   答案：health

   原文定位：Another common complaint may be something for employers to consider when choosing this type of design, and this was that these types of office space are bad for the health. I was intrigued by this possibility, but looking at staff records, it does seem to be borne out

   同义替换：「pose a risk to」↔「bad for」

8. Attitudes of employers to open-plan designs:

   - they significantly reduce rent and 38_____ costs

   答案：energy

   原文定位：Of course, there is the obvious benefit that this design significantly reduces costs, both in terms of rent and even in terms of energy use

9. - they improve teamwork and communication

   - they can make 39_____ staff easier

   答案：training

   原文定位：They also feel that new staff can learn from observing other workers, so this design can actually help in training staff

10. - In reality, employees are unhappy and they are often distracted by the 40_____ in the office

    答案：noise

    原文定位：The reality is that unhappy workers are unlikely to work well together, and there is plenty of evidence to suggest workers are frequently distracted from their work by the noise that is all around them

    同义替换：「employees」↔「workers」