The history of extreme sports

文章大意

本文介绍极限运动的历史，指出极限运动是结合运动技能与明显风险的非传统运动，如深潜和冲浪。文章讨论其定义、风险与装备进步，媒体传播作用，以及19世纪工人休闲、高尔夫等运动现代化，并分析20世纪极限运动吸引人的原因。

题目与答案

1. In Ancient Times

   ·Extreme sports were also known as 31_____ .

   答案：lifestyle

   原文定位：While many extreme sports, such as deep diving and surfing, have usually been part of human history, so many extreme sports are often called lifestyle sports

   同义替换：「were also known as」↔「are often called」

2. ·Better 32_____ (e.g. helmets and harnesses) made extreme sports safer.

   答案：equipment

   原文定位：Technological advances have brought more reliable equipment, which making various sports a safer activity

   同义替换：「Better」↔「more reliable」，「safer」↔「safer」

3. In the 19th century

   ·Many extreme sports were organized for 33_____ workers.

   答案：company

   原文定位：One extreme sport was studied by workers from a company in its free time

   同义替换：「were organized for」↔「was studied by」，「workers」↔「workers」

4. ·At the end of the 19th century, other sports like 34_____ started to gain populairty in a higher social class.

   答案：golf

   原文定位：Other sports, such as golf, was popularized and regularly attended by the upper classes and nobility

   同义替换：「gain popularity」↔「was popularized」，「higher social class」↔「upper classes」，「like」↔「such as」

5. In the 20st century

   ·Why people don't like 35_____ sports (like team sports. E.g. basketball)

   答案：traditional

   原文定位：In the twentieth century, you may be wondering, what is it that attracts people to extreme sports in comparison to many traditional sports like football or basketball

   同义替换：「In the 20st century」↔「In the twentieth century」，「basketball」↔「basketball」，「people don't like」↔「what attracts people to extreme sports in comparison to many」

6. ·Reasons

   There are too many restricted 36_____ .

   答案：regulations

   原文定位：One of the few things that coaches, players, and fans of nearly every competitive team sports seem to agree on these days is that there are too many regulations for these games

   同义替换：「restricted」↔「too many regulations」

7. It needs regular 37_____ .

   答案：training

   原文定位：Secondly, most of the people involved in extreme sports do not feel the need for constant training and physical conditioning of their body

   同义替换：「regular」↔「constant」

8. ·Help them confront 38_____ .

   答案：fear

   原文定位：Finally, participants described how extreme sports experiencing, controlling, and overcome fear made them positively change everyday life

   同义替换：「Help them confront」↔「experiencing, controlling, and overcome」

9. In the future

   ·Young people think that government should provide them with more 39_____ sports instead of individual competition.

   答案：entertainment

   原文定位：young sports participants clearly want government to put their emphasis on entertainment sports

   同义替换：「Young people」↔「young sports participants」，「provide them with」↔「put their emphasis on」

10. ·Young people tend to think that extreme sports is their attitude the new world and forming their 40_____ .

    答案：community

    原文定位：Young people's responses to the changing world and their unique way is building their own community

    同义替换：「Young people tend to think」↔「Young people's responses to the changing world」，「the new world」↔「the changing world」，「forming」↔「building」